{"product_id":"fundamentals-of-soil-mechanics-for-sedimentary-and-residual-soils-hardback-9780470376263","title":"Fundamentals of Soil Mechanics for Sedimentary and Residual Soils (Hardback) 9780470376263","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eFundamentals of Soil Mechanics for Sedimentary and Residual Soils\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eLaurence D. Wesley (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9780470376263, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 11 September 2009\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e464 pages, Photos: 0 B\u0026amp;W, 0 Color; Drawings: 254 B\u0026amp;W, 0 Color\u003cbr\u003e24.1 x 16.5 x 2.5 cm, 0.785 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e“Moreover, the inclusion of theory, measurement techniques and exercises at the end of each chapter provides a comprehensive teaching resource. For a soil scientist beginning to learn about soil mechanics, this textbook would be a very good choice.”  (\u003ci\u003eEuropean Journal of Soil Science\u003c\/i\u003e, 1 August 2010)\u003c\/p\u003e \"Designed for practitioners and students in civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, and geology, his text is the first to provide an equal and integrated coverage of sedimentary and residual soils and their unique engineering properties.\" (\u003ci\u003eBook News\u003c\/i\u003e, December 2009)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eIntroducing the first integrated coverage of sedimentary and residual soil engineering\u003c\/b\u003e  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite its prevalence in under-developed parts of the United States and most tropical and sub-tropical countries, residual soil is often characterized as a mere extension of conventional soil mechanics in many textbooks. Now, with the rapid growth of construction in these regions, it is essential to gain a fuller understanding of residual soils and their properties—one that's based on an integrated approach to the study of residual and sedimentary soils. One text puts this understanding well within reach: \u003ci\u003eFundamentals of Soil Mechanics for Sedimentary and Residual Soils.\u003c\/i\u003e  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first resource to provide equal treatment of both residual and sedimentary soils and their unique engineering properties, this skill-building guide offers:  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eA concise introduction to basic soil mechanics, stress-strain behavior, testing, and design\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIn-depth coverage that spans the full scope of soil engineering, from bearing capacity and foundation design to the stability of slopes\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eA focus on concepts and principles rather than methods, helping you avoid idealized versions of soil behavior and maintain a design approach that is consistent with real soils of the natural world\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eAn abundance of worked problems throughout, demonstrating in some cases that conventional design techniques applicable to sedimentary soils are not valid for residual soils\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNumerous end-of-chapter exercises supported by an online solutions manual\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFull chapter-ending references\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e  \u003cp\u003eTaken together, \u003ci\u003eFundamentals of Soil Mechanics for Sedimentary and Residual Soils\u003c\/i\u003e is a comprehensive, balanced soil engineering sourcebook that will prove indispensable for practitioners and students in civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, and geology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eCONTENTS\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePREFACE xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eACKNOWLEDGMENTS xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 SOIL FORMATION, COMPOSITION, AND BASIC CONCEPTS 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Weathering Processes, Sedimentary and Residual Soils \/ 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Clay Minerals \/ 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Influence of Topography on Weathering Processes \/ 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Factors Governing the Properties of Sedimentary and Residual Soils \/ 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Remolded, or Destructured, Soils \/ 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 BASIC DEFINITIONS AND PHASE RELATIONSHIPS 13\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Components of Soil \/ 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Phase Relationships \/ 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Examples in Use of Phase Relationships \/ 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Measurement of Basic Properties \/ 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Bulk Density \/ 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Water Content \/ 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Solid Density and Specific Gravity \/ 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises \/ 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 BASIC INDEX TESTS, SOIL CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION 27\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 General \/ 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Gravel and Sand \/ 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Clay \/ 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Silt \/ 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Particle Size and Its Role in Influencing Properties \/ 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Measurement of Particle Size \/ 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Plasticity and Atterberg Limits \/ 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Determination of Atterberg Limits \/ 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Liquidity Index of Clay and Relative Density of Sand \/ 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Sensitivity, Thixotropy, and Activity of Clays \/ 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Systematic Classification Systems \/ 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.1 Unified Soil Classification System \/ 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.2 Additional Notes Regarding Classification \/ 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.3 Description of In situ (Undisturbed) Characteristics of Soil \/ 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Classification of Residual Soils \/ 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.1 Parent Rock \/ 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.2 Usefulness of Existing Systems \/ 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.3 Classification of Weathering Profile \/ 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.4 Importance of Mineralogy and Structure \/ 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 STRESS AND PORE PRESSURE STATE IN THE GROUND 49\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Vertical Stress in the Ground \/ 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Pore Pressures above Water Table and Seasonal Variations \/ 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Case A: Coarse-Grained Soils \/ 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Case B: Low-Permeability Clays \/ 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Case C: Medium- to High-Permeability Clays \/ 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Hill Slopes, Seepage, and Pore Pressures \/ 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Significance of the Water Table (or Phreatic Surface) \/ 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Horizontal Stress in Ground \/ 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Worked Examples \/ 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 Worked Example 1 \/ 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.2 Worked Example 2 \/ 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises \/ 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 STRESSES IN THE GROUND FROM APPLIED LOADS 67\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 General \/ 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Elastic Theory Solutions for Stresses Beneath Loaded Areas \/ 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises \/ 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 PRINCIPLE OF EFFECTIVE STRESS 77\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 The Basic Principle \/ 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Applied Stresses, Drained and Undrained Behavior \/ 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Pore Pressure Changes Under Undrained Conditions \/ 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Some Practical Implications of the Principle of Effective Stress \/ 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Stress State on Soil Element Below Submerged Surface (Bed of Lake or Seabed) \/ 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Force Resisting Sliding of Concrete Gravity Dam \/ 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Influence of Rainfall on Slope Stability \/ 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 Ground Settlement Caused By Lowering Water Table \/ 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 PERMEABILITY AND SEEPAGE 89\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 General \/ 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Pressure, “Head,” and Total Head \/ 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Darcy’s Law \/ 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Notes on Darcy’s Law \/ 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Note on Seepage Velocity \/ 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Measurement of Permeability \/ 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 General Expression for Seepage in a Soil Mass \/ 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Steady-State Flow, Laplace Equation, and Flow Nets \/ 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.1 Flow nets—Conventions Used in Their Construction \/ 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.2 Boundary Conditions for Flow Nets \/ 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.3 Methods for Solution of Flow Nets \/ 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.4 Basic Requirements of Flow Net and Rules for Hand Sketching Flow Nets \/ 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.5 Use of Flow Nets for Practical Purposes \/ 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Critical Hydraulic Gradient (and “Quicksand”) \/ 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7.1 Quicksand \/ 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7.2 Worked Example \/ 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Unconfined Flow Nets and Approximations in Conventional Formulation \/ 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Use of Filters in Designed Structures \/ 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Vertical Flow Through Single Layers and Multilayers \/ 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11 Note on Groundwater Studies and Groundwater Mechanics \/ 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12 Flow into Excavations, Drains, and Wells \/ 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises \/ 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 COMPRESSIBILITY, CONSOLIDATION, AND SETTLEMENT 121\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 General Concepts \/ 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Estimation of Settlement Using Elasticity Theory \/ 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Drained and Undrained Behavior \/ 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Limitations of Elasticity Theory \/ 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Estimation of Settlement Assuming 1-D Behavior \/ 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Immediate (“Elastic”) Settlement and Long-Term (Consolidation) Settlement \/ 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Immediate and Consolidation Settlement in Sands \/ 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Immediate and Consolidation Settlement in Clays \/ 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Consolidation Behavior of Clays (and Silts) \/ 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Odometer Test \/ 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Consolidation Characteristics—Magnitude \/ 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.3 Consolidation Behavior–Time Rate \/ 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Estimation of Settlement from Odometer Test Results \/ 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.1 Settlement of a Building Foundation \/ 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.2 Settlement of Fill on Soft Clay \/ 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Approximations and Uncertainties in Settlement Estimates Based on Odometer Tests \/ 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.1 Interpretation of Void Ratio–Stress Curves and Sample Disturbance \/ 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.2 Assumptions Regarding Pore Pressure State \/ 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.3 Lateral Deformation \/ 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.4 Submergence of Fill Loads \/ 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.5 Use of Terzaghi Theory of Consolidation for Nonlinear Soils \/ 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.6 Influence of Inadequate Data on Actual Soil Conditions \/ 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Allowable Settlement \/ 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.1 Total (or Absolute) Settlement \/ 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.2 Relative Movement between Structure and Surrounding Ground \/ 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.3 Differential Settlement of Buildings \/ 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 Radial Flow and Sand (or “Wick”) Drains \/ 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.1 Theory for Design of Sand and Wick Drains \/ 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10 Settlement of Foundations on Sand \/ 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10.1 Schmertman Method Using Static Cone Penetrometer Results \/ 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10.2 Burland and Burbidge Method \/ 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10.3 Worked Example \/ 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises \/ 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOILS 185\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Basic Concepts and Principles \/ 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 General Expression for Shear Strength \/ 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Undrained Shear Strength (su ) \/ 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.3 Relationship between Strength in Terms of Effective Stress and Undrained Strength \/ 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Measurement of Shear Strength \/ 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Direct Shear Test (or Shear Box Test) \/ 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Triaxial Test \/ 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Mohr’s Circle of Stress \/ 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4 Use of Mohr’s Circle for Plotting Triaxial Test Results \/ 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.5 Soil Behavior in Consolidated Undrained and Drained Tests \/ 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.6 Area Correction in Triaxial Tests \/ 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.7 Failure Criteria in Terms of Principal Stresses \/ 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.8 Determination of Angle of Failure Plane \/ 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.9 Worked Example \/ 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Practical Use of Undrained Strength and Effective Strength Parameters \/ 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Shear Strength and Deformation Behavior of Sand \/ 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Residual Strength of Clays \/ 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.1 Measurement of Residual Strength \/ 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Stress Path Concept \/ 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Pore Pressure Parameters A and B \/ 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Shear Strength and Deformation Behavior of Clay \/ 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.1 Behavior of Fully Remolded Clay \/ 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.2 Behavior of Undisturbed Sedimentary Clays \/ 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.3 Behavior of Residual Soils \/ 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.4 Failure Criterion and Determination of c_ and φ from Consolidated Undrained Tests \/ 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Typical Values of Effective Strength Parameters for Clays and Silts and Correlations with Other Properties \/ 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10 Undrained Strength of Undisturbed and Remolded Soils \/ 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10.1 Sedimentary Clays \/ 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10.2 Remolded Soils \/ 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10.3 Residual Soils \/ 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11 Measurement of Undrained Shear Strength \/ 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.1 Unconfined Compression test \/ 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.2 Vane Test \/ 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises \/ 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 SITE INVESTIGATIONS, FIELD TESTING, AND PARAMTER CORRELATIONS 235\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Overview \/ 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Drilling \/ 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Hand Auguring \/ 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Machine Drilling \/ 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Continuous Coring with Single-Tube Core Barrel (Also Known as Open Barrel) \/ 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 Rotary Drilling Using Core Barrels \/ 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.5 Wash Drilling \/ 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.6 Percussion Boring \/ 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Undisturbed Sampling Using Sample Tubes \/ 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Block Sampling \/ 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Investigation Pits (or Test Pits) \/ 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 In Situ Testing \/ 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.1 Limitations of Drilling and Undisturbed Sampling \/ 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.2 Standard Penetration Test (Dynamic Test) \/ 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.3 Dutch Static Cone Penetration Test CPT \/ 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.4 Shear Vane Test \/ 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Correlations between In Situ Test Results and Soil Properties \/ 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.1 SPT N Values and CPT Values \/ 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.2 Undrained Shear Strength of Clay \/ 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.3 Relative Density of Sand \/ 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.4 Stiffness Modulus of Sand \/ 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 STABILITY CONCEPTS AND FAILURE MECHANISMS 257\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Basic Concepts \/ 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Stability of Slopes \/ 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Bearing Capacity \/ 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Retaining Walls \/ 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Further Observations \/ 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 Safety Factors, Load Factors, and Strength Reduction Factors \/ 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.2 Questions of Deformation Versus Stability \/ 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 BEARING CAPACITY AND FOUNDATION DESIGN 267\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Bearing Capacity \/ 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Bearing Capacity in Terms of Effective Stress \/ 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Bearing Capacity in Terms of Total Stress (Undrained Behavior) \/ 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.3 Eccentric and Inclined Loads \/ 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Shallow Foundations on Clay \/ 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Use of Undrained Shear Strength \/ 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Application of Factor of Safety \/ 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Bearing Capacity Versus Settlement Tolerance in Design of Foundations \/ 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.4 Worked Examples \/ 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Shallow Foundations on Sand \/ 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Use of Bearing Capacity Theory \/ 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Empirical Methods for Foundations on Sand \/ 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Pile Foundations \/ 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Basic Concepts and Pile Types \/ 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Pile-Bearing Capacity—Basic Formula and Methods of Estimation \/ 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 Bearing Capacity of Piles in Clay \/ 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.4 Bearing Capacity of Piles in Sand \/ 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.5 Pile Group Behavior \/ 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.6 Lateral Load Capacity of Piles \/ 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises \/ 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 EARTH PRESSURE AND RETAINING WALLS 307\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Coulomb Wedge Analysis \/ 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 At-Rest Pressure, Active Pressure, Passive Pressure, and Associated Deformations \/ 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Rankine Earth Pressures \/ 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Influence of Wall Friction \/ 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Earth Pressure Coefficients \/ 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Total Stress Analysis \/ 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Maximum Height of Unsupported Vertical Banks or Cuts \/ 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Construction Factors Influencing Earth Pressures on Retaining Walls \/ 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Propped (Strutted) Trenches \/ 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.10 Retaining-Wall Design Example \/ 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.11 Sheet Pile (and Similar) Retaining Walls \/ 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.11.1 FreeStanding and Propped Cantilever Walls \/ 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12 Reinforced-Earth Walls \/ 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12.1 Concept and General Behavior \/ 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12.2 Reinforcement Types \/ 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12.3 Basic Design Procedures \/ 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12.4 Other Matters \/ 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises \/ 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 STABILITY OF SLOPES 355\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction \/ 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Analysis Using Circular Arc Failure Surfaces \/ 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Circular Arc Analysis Using Total Stresses \/ 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Circular Arc Analysis in Terms of Effective Stresses \/ 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Example Calculation Using Bishop Method \/ 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.4 Bishop’s Method for Submerged Slopes \/ 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Stability Analysis of Infinite Slopes \/ 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Short- and Long-Term Stability of Built Slopes \/ 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 Excavated Slopes \/ 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 Embankments on Soft Clays \/ 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Stability Analysis for Earth Dams \/ 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.1 Estimation of Pore-Water Pressures During or at End of Construction \/ 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.2 Full-Reservoir Steady-State Seepage Condition \/ 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.3 Rapid Drawdown Pore Pressures \/ 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Influence of Climate and Weather on Stability of Slopes \/ 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Stability Analysis Using Noncircular Failure Surfaces \/ 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises \/ 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 SOIL COMPACTION 391\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Earthworks and Soil Compaction \/ 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Compaction Behavior of Soils \/ 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Control of Compaction \/ 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.1 Traditional Method of Compaction Control \/ 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.2 Alternative Compaction Control Based on Undrained Shear Strength and Air Voids \/ 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Difficulties in Compacting Clays \/ 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.1 Soils Considerably Wetter Than Optimum Water Content \/ 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.2 Soils That Soften During Compaction \/ 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Compaction of Granular and Non-Plastic Materials \/ 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 404\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 SPECIAL SOIL TYPES 405\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 General Comments \/ 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Partially Saturated Soils \/ 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.1 Occurrence \/ 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.2 Measurements of Degree of Saturation \/ 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.3 Mechanics of Partially Saturated Soils \/ 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Expansive or Swelling Clays \/ 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 Basic Concepts of Expansive Behavior \/ 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 Estimation of Swelling Pressure and Swell Magnitude \/ 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.3 Estimation of Swell Magnitude \/ 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Collapsing Soils \/ 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences \/ 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eINDEX 425\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Civil engineering, surveying \u0026amp; building [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Civil engineering, 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