{"product_id":"fluorescent-analogs-of-biomolecular-building-blocks-design-and-applications-hardback-9781118175866","title":"Fluorescent Analogs of Biomolecular Building Blocks; Design and Applications (Hardback) 9781118175866","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eFluorescent Analogs of Biomolecular Building Blocks\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eDesign and Applications\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eMarcus Wilhelmsson (Edited by), M Wilhelmsson (Author), Yitzhak Tor (Edited by)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781118175866, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 6 May 2016\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e448 pages\u003cbr\u003e23.6 x 15.8 x 3 cm, 0.816 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\"This book provides a thorough overview on the design and application of fluorescent analogs of biomolecular building blocks...The way the book is written makes reading enjoyable and relatively easy for readers who already have some knowledge on the subject as well as for beginners...Overall, the book is very well achieved, and I strongly recommend reading.\" (\u003ci\u003eAngewandte Chemie International Edition\u003c\/i\u003e May 2017)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eFluorescent Analogs of Biomolecular Building Blocks\u003c\/i\u003e focuses on the design of fluorescent probes for the four major families of macromolecular building blocks. Compiling the expertise of multiple authors, this book moves from introductory chapters to an exploration of the design, synthesis, and implementation of new fluorescent analogues of biomolecular building blocks, including examples of small-molecule fluorophores and sensors that are part of biomolecular assemblies.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Fluorescence Spectroscopy 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eRenatus W. Sinkeldam, L. Marcus Wilhelmsson, and Yitzhak Tor\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Fundamentals of Fluorescence Spectroscopy 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Common Fluorescence Spectroscopy Techniques 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Steady-State Fluorescence Spectroscopy 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3 Fluorescence Anisotropy 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.4 Resonance Energy Transfer and Quenching 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.5 Fluorescence Microscopy and Single Molecule Spectroscopy 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.6 Fluorescence-Based in vivo Imaging 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Summary and Perspective 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Fluorescent Biomolecular Building Blocks 15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eRenatus W. Sinkeldam and Yitzhak Tor\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Naturally Occurring Emissive Biomolecular Building Blocks 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Synthetic Fluorescent Analogs of Biomolecular Building Blocks 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Synthetic Emissive Analogs of Membranes Constituents 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Synthetic Emissive Analogs of Amino Acids 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Synthetic Emissive Analogs of Nucleosides 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Summary and Perspective 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Polarized Spectroscopy with Fluorescent Biomolecular Building Blocks 40\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eBo Albinsson and Bengt Nordén\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Transition Moments 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Linear Dichroism 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Magnetic Circular Dichroism 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 F̈orster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Fluorescence Anisotropy 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Fluorescent Nucleobases 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Fluorescent Peptide Chromophores 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Site-Specific Linear Dichroism (SSLD) 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 Single-Molecule Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET) 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10 Single-Molecule Fluorescence-Detected Linear Dichroism (smFLD) 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Fluorescent Proteins: The Show Must go on! 55\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eGregor Jung\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Historical Survey 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Photophysical Properties 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Absorption Properties and Color Hue Modification 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Chromophore Formation 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Fluorescence Color and Dynamics 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Directional Properties along with Optical Transitions 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.5 Energy Transfer and Energy Migration 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Photochemical Reactions 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Excited-state Proton Transfer (ESPT) 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Isomerization Reactions: Reversible Photoswitching 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Photoconversion: Irreversible Bond Rupture 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Other Photochemical Reactions 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Ion Sensitivity 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Ground-State Equilibria of Protonation States 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Quenching by Small Ions 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Relation Microscopy–Spectroscopy for Fluorescent Proteins 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 Brightness Alteration from Cuvette to Microscopic Experiments 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.2 Lessons from Microspectrometry 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.3 Tools for Advanced Microscopic Techniques 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Prospects and Outlook 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Design and Application of Autofluorescent Proteins by Biological Incorporation of Intrinsically Fluorescent Noncanonical Amino Acids 91\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003ePatrick M. Durkin and Nediljko Budisa\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Design and Synthesis of Fluorescent Building Blocks in Proteins 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Extrinsic Fluorescent Labels 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Intrinsic Fluorescent Labels 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Extrinsic Labels Chemically Ligated using Cycloaddition Chemistry 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Modification of the Genetic Code to Incorporate ncAAs 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Application of Fluorescent Building Blocks in Proteins 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Azatryptophans 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 FlAsH-EDT2 Extrinsic Labeling System 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Huisgen Dipolar Cycloaddition System 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Conclusions 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Prospects and Outlook 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 Heteroatom-Containing Trp Analogs 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 Expanded Genetic Code – Orthogonal Pairs 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Fluoromodules: Fluorescent Dye–Protein Complexes for Genetically Encodable Labels 124\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eBruce A. Armitage\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Fluoromodule Development and Characterization 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Fluorogenic Dyes 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Fluorogen-Activating Protein (FAP) Optimization 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Fluoromodule Recycling 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Implementation 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Fusion Constructs for Protein Tagging 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Protein Tagging and pH Sensing 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Super-Resolution Imaging 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Protease Biosensors 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Conclusions 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Prospects and Outlook 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Design of Environmentally Sensitive Fluorescent Nucleosides and their Applications 137\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eSubhendu Sekhar Bag and Isao Saito\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Solvatochromic Fluorophores 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Origin of Solvatochromism 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Solvatochromic Fluorescent Nucleoside Analogs 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Designing Criteria for Solvatochromic Fluorescent Nucleosides 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Fluorescently Labeled Nucleosides and Oligonucleotide Probes: Covalent Attachment of Solvatochromic Fluorophores Onto the Natural Bases 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Base-Discriminating Fluorescent Nucleosides (BDF) 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Nucleosides with Dual Fluorescence for Monitoring DNA Hybridization 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Approach for Developing Environmentally Sensitive Fluorescent (ESF) Nucleosides 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Concept for Designing ESF Nucleosides 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Examples and Photophysical Properties of ESF Nucleosides 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Base-Selective Fluorescent ESF Probe 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.1 Cytosine Selective ESF Probe 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.2 Thymine Selective Fluorescent ESF Probe 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.3 Specific Detection of Adenine by Exciplex Formation with Donor-Substituted ESF Guanosine 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Molecular Beacon (MB) and ESF Nucleosides 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7.1 Ends-Free and Self-Quenched MB 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7.2 Single-Stranded Molecular Beacon Using ESF Nucleoside in a Bulge Structure 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Summary and Future Outlook 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Expanding The Nucleic Acid Chemist’s Toolbox: Fluorescent Cytidine Analogs 174\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eKirby Chicas and Robert H.E. Hudson\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Design and Characterization of Fluorescent C Analogs 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 1,3-Diaza-2-Oxophenothiazine (tC) 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 1,3-Diaza-2-Oxophenoxazine (tCO) 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 7-Nitro-1,3-Diaza-2-Oxophenothiazine (tCnitro) 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.4 G-Clamp and 8-oxoG-Clamp 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.5 Ç and Çf  181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.6 Benzopyridopyrimidine (BPP) 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.7 Napthopyridopyrimidine (NPP) 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.8 dChpp 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.9 dChpd, dCmpp, dCtpp, dCppp 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.10 dCPPI 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.11 dxC 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.12 rxC 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.13 Methylpyrrolo-dC (MepdC) 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.14 5-(Fur-2-yl)-2′-Deoxycytidine (CFU) 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.15 Thiophen-2-yl pC 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.16 Thiophene Fused pC 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.17 Thieno[3,4-d]-Cytidine (thC) 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.18 Triazole Appended 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Implementation 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 PNA 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 DNA 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 RNA 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Conclusions 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Prospects and Outlook 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Synthesis and Fluorescence Properties of Nucleosides with Pyrimidopyrimidine-Type Base Moieties 208\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eKohji Seio, Takashi Kanamori, Akihiro Ohkubo, and Mitsuo Sekine\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Discovery, Design, and Synthesis of Pyrimidopyrimidine Nucleosides 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Synthesis and Fluorescence Properties of dChpp 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Design, Synthesis, and Fluorescence Properties of dCPPP, dCPPI, and dCPPI Derivatives 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Fluorescence Properties of the Oligonucleotides Containing dCPPI 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Implementation 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Application to a DNA Triplex System 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Double Labeling of an Oligonucleotide with dCPPI and 2-Aminopurine 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Conclusions 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Prospects and Outlook 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Between Nucleobase Analogues – a Tool for Detailed Structure and Dynamics Investigations 224\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eL. Marcus Wilhelmsson\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 The Tricyclic Cytosine Family 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Structural Aspects, Dynamics, and Ability to Serve as Cytosine Analogs 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Photophysical Properties 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Development of the First Nucleic Acid Base Analog FRET Pair 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 The Donor–Acceptor Pair tCO –tCnitro 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Applications of Tricyclic Cytosines in FRET Measurements 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Conclusions 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Prospects and Outlook 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Fluorescent Purine Analogs that Shed Light on DNA Structure and Function 242\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eAnaëlle Dumas, Guillaume Mata, and Nathan W. Luedtke\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Design, Photophysical Properties, and Applications of Purine Mimics 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Early Examples of Fluorescent Purine Mimics 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Chromophore-Conjugated Purine Analogs 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Pteridines 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.4 Isomorphic Purine Analogs 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.5 Fused-Ring Purine Analogs 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.6 Substituted Purine Derivatives 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Implementation 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Probing G-Quadruplex Structures with 2PyG 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Energy Transfer Quantification 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Metal-Ion Localization to N7 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Conclusions 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Prospects and Outlook 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Design and Photophysics of Environmentally Sensitive Isomorphic Fluorescent Nucleosides 276\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eRenatus W. Sinkeldam and Yitzhak Tor\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Designing Environmentally Sensitive Emissive Nucleosides 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Structural and Electronic Elements that Impart Environmental Sensitivity 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Sensitivity to Polarity 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Sensitivity to Viscosity 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.4 Sensitivity to pH 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Two Isomorphic Environmentally Sensitive Designs 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Probing Environmental Sensitivity 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Probing Sensitivity to Polarity 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Probing Sensitivity to Viscosity 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 Probing Sensitivity to pH 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Recent Advancements in Isomorphic Fluorescent Nucleoside Analogs 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Summary 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Prospects and Outlook 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Site-Specific Fluorescent Labeling of Nucleic Acids by Genetic Alphabet Expansion Using Unnatural Base Pair Systems 297\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eMichiko Kimoto, Rie Yamashige, and Ichiro Hirao\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Development of Unnatural Base Pair Systems and Their Applications 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Site-Specific Fluorescent Labeling of DNA by Unnatural Base Pair Replication Systems 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Site-Specific Fluorescent Labeling of RNA by Unnatural Base Pair Transcription Systems 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Implementation 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Fluorescence Sensor System Using an RNA Aptamer by Fluorophore-Linked y Labeling 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Local Structure Analyses of Functional RNA Molecules by s Labeling 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Conclusions 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Prospects and Outlook 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Fluorescent C-Nucleosides and their Oligomeric Assemblies 320\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003ePete Crisalli and Eric T. Kool\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Fluorescent C-Glycoside Monomers 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Design of Fluorescent C-Glycoside Monomers 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Synthesis of Fluorescent C-Glycoside Monomers 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Characterization and Properties of Fluorescent C-glycoside Monomers 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Implementation of Fluorescent C-Glycoside Monomers 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.1 Environmentally Sensitive Fluorophores 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2 Pyrene Nucleoside in DNA Applications 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Oligomers of Fluorescent C-Glycosides: Design, Synthesis, and Properties 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 Design of Fluorescent C-Glycoside Oligomers 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 Synthesis of Fluorescent C-Glycoside Oligomers 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.3 Characterization and Properties of Fluorescent C-Glycoside Oligomers 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Implementation of Fluorescent C-Glycoside Oligomers 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.1 ODFs as Chemosensors in the Solution State 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.2 ODFs as Sensors in the Solid State 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.3 Alternative Designs of Oligomeric Fluorescent Glycosides 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.4 General Conclusions: Oligomers of Fluorescent C-glycosides 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Conclusions 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Prospects and Outlook 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Membrane Fluorescent Probes: Insights and Perspectives 356\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eAmitabha Chattopadhyay, Sandeep Shrivastava, and Arunima Chaudhuri\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 NBD-Labeled Lipids: Monitoring Slow Solvent Relaxation in Membranes 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 n-AS Membrane Probes: Depth-Dependent Solvent Relaxation as Membrane Dipstick 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Pyrene: a Multiparameter Membrane Probe 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Lipophilic Fluorescent Probes: Guides to the Complexity of Lipid Membranes 367\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eMarek Cebecauer and Radek Šachl\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Lipids, Lipid Bilayers, and Biomembranes 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Lipid Phases, Phase Separation, and Lipid Ordering 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Fluorescent Probes for Membrane Studies 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.1 Fluorescently Labeled Lipids 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.2 Environment-Sensitive Membrane Probes 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.3 Specialized Techniques Using Fluorescent Probes to Investigate Membrane Properties 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Conclusions 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Prospects and Outlook 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Fluorescent Neurotransmitter Analogs 393\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eJames N. Wilson\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.1 Structure of Neurotransmitters 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.2 Regulation of Neurotransmitters 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.3 Native Fluorescence of Neurotransmitters 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.4 Fluorescent Histochemical Techniques 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Design and Optical Properties of Fluorescent Neurotransmitters 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.1 Early Examples 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.2 Recent Examples 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Applications of Fluorescent Neurotransmitters 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1 Probing Binding Pockets with Fluorescent Neurotransmitters 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.2 Imaging Transport and Release of Fluorescent Neurotransmitters 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.3 Enzyme Substrates 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Conclusions 404\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Prospects and Outlook 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 409\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Chemistry [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Chemistry\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Chemistry%20%5BPN%5D%22\"\u003ePN\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52417757380888,"sku":"9781118175866","price":121.69,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781118175866.jpg?v=1784507116","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/fluorescent-analogs-of-biomolecular-building-blocks-design-and-applications-hardback-9781118175866","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}