{"product_id":"clinical-trials-a-methodologic-perspective-hardback-9781394195664","title":"Clinical Trials; A Methodologic Perspective (Hardback) 9781394195664","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eClinical Trials\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eA Methodologic Perspective\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eSteven Piantadosi (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781394195664, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 27 May 2024\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e784 pages\u003cbr\u003e28.2 x 22.4 x 3.3 cm, 1.746 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eComprehensive resource presenting methods essential in planning, designing, conducting, analyzing, and interpreting clinical trials\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Fourth Edition of \u003ci\u003eClinical Trials \u003c\/i\u003ebuilds on the text’s reputation as a straightforward, detailed, and authoritative presentation of quantitative methods for clinical trials, discussing principles of design for various types of clinical trials and elements of planning the experiment, assembling a study cohort, assessing data, and reporting results.  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach chapter contains an introduction and summary to reinforce key points. Discussion questions stimulate critical thinking and help readers understand how they can apply their newfound knowledge. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWritten by a highly qualified author with significant experience in the field, the Fourth Edition of \u003ci\u003eClinical Trials \u003c\/i\u003eapproaches the topic with: \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProblems that may arise during a trial, and accompanying common sense solutions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDesign alternatives for addressing many questions in therapeutic development\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStatistical principles with new and provocative topics, such as generalizing results, operating characteristics, trial issues during the COVID-19 pandemic, and more\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlternative medicine, ethics, middle development, comparative studies, adaptive designs, and clinical trials using point of care data\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRevamped exercise sets, updated and extensive references, new material on endpoints and the developmental pipeline, and revisions of numerous sections, tables, and figures\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eStanding out due to its accessible and broad coverage of statistical design methods which are the building blocks of clinical trials and medical research, \u003ci\u003eClinical Trials \u003c\/i\u003eis an essential learning aid on the subject for undergraduate and graduate clinical trials courses.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Companion website xxv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Preliminaries 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Deconstruction 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 A Clinical Trial is a Test of Treatment Under Controlled Conditions 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Audience 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Scope 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Other Sources of Knowledge 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Programs Examples and Data 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Summary 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Clinical Trials as Research 10\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Research 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Defining Clinical Trials 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Practicalities of Usage 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Non-Experimental Designs 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Summary 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Questions for Discussion 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Why Clinical Trials Are Ethical 35\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Duality is Ever Present 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Historically Derived Principles of Ethics 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Contemporary Foundational Principles 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Methodologic Reflections 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Professional Conduct 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Summary 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Questions for Discussion 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Contexts for Clinical Trials 69\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Drugs 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Devices 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Prevention 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Complementary and Alternative Medicine 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Surgery and Skill-Dependent Therapies 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 A Brief View of Some Other Contexts 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Summary 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9 Questions for Discussion 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Measurement 105\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Objectives 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Measurement Design 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Surrogate Outcomes 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Summary 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Questions for Discussion 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Random Error and Bias 133\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Bias in Clinical Trials 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Statistical Bias 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Summary 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Questions for Discussion 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Statistical Perspectives 151\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Differences in Statistical Perspectives 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Frequentist 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Bayesian 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Likelihood 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Statistics Issues 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Summary 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Questions for Discussion 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Experiment Design in Clinical Trials 167\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Trials as Simple Experiment Designs 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Goals of Experiment Design 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Design Concepts 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Design Features 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Special Design Issues 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Importance of Protocol Documents 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Summary 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 Questions for Discussion 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Trial Cohorts 195\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Cohort Definition and Selection 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Modeling Accrual 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Inclusiveness Representation and Interactions 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Summary 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Questions for Discussion 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Development Paradigms 213\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Pipeline Principles and Problems 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 A Simple Quantitative Pipeline 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Late Failures 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Summary 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Questions for Discussion 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Translational Clinical Trials 232\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Inferential Paradigms 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Evidence and Theory 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Translational Trials Defined 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Information from Translational Trials 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Summary 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Questions for Discussion 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Early Development and Dose Finding 253\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Essential Concepts 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Dose Ranging 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Bayesian Optimal Interval (BOIN) Design 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Model-Guided Dose Finding 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 General Dose-Finding Issues 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Summary 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Questions for Discussion 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Middle Development 287\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Characteristics of Middle Development 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Design Issues 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Middle Development Distills True Positives 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Futility and Non-superiority Designs 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Dose Efficacy Questions 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Randomized Comparisons 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Cohort Mixtures 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Summary 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.10 Questions for Discussion 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Comparative Trials 308\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Elements of Reliability 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Biomarker-Based Comparative Designs 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Other Comparative Designs 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Summary 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Questions for Discussion 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Adaptive Design Features 322\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Some Familiar Adaptations 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Biomarker Adaptive Trials 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Re-Designs 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Seamless Designs 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Barriers to AD 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Adaptive Design Case Study 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Summary 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9 Questions for Discussion 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Precision Sample Size and Power 335\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Principles 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Early Developmental Trials 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Simple Estimation Designs 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Event Rates 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Stages 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Comparative Trials 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8 Expanded Safety Trials 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9 Other Considerations 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.10 Summary 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.11 Questions for Discussion 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Treatment Allocation 389\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Randomization 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Constrained Randomization 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Adaptive Allocation 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Other Issues Regarding Randomization 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Unequal Treatment Allocation 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Randomization Before Consent 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 Summary 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.9 Questions for Discussion 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Monitoring Treatment Effects 412\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Administrative Issues in Trial Monitoring 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Organizational Issues Related to Monitoring 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Statistical Methods for Monitoring 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Summary 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Questions for Discussion 448\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Counting Subjects and Events 450\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Imperfection and Validity 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Treatment Nonadherence 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Protocol Nonadherence 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Data Imperfections 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.6 Summary 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.7 Questions for Discussion 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Estimating Clinical Effects 462\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Dose-Finding and Pharmacokinetic Trials 465\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Middle Development Studies 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Randomized Comparative Trials 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Problems With P-Values 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Strength of Evidence Through Support Intervals 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.7 Special Methods of Analysis 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8 Vaccine Trials 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.9 Exploratory Analyses 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.10 Summary 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11 Questions for Discussion 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Generalizing Results From Clinical Trials 508\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction 508\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Laboratory Lessons 510\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Sample-Based Generalization 510\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Reconciling New Findings with Old Data 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Fit for Purpose Data 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Shared Biology 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.7 Learning from Harmful Effects 515\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.8 Pandemic 516\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.9 Summary 517\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.10 Questions for Discussion 517\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Prognostic Factor Analyses 518\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Introduction 518\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Model-Based Methods 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Adjusted Analyses of Comparative Trials 531\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 Pfas Without Models 534\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5 Summary 538\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.6 Questions for Discussion 538\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 Factorial Designs 539\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Introduction 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 Characteristics of Factorial Designs 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Treatment Interactions 542\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Examples of Factorial Designs 546\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.5 Partial Fractional and Incomplete Factorials 547\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.6 Summary 548\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.7 Questions for Discussion 548\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Crossover Designs 550\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Introduction 550\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 Advantages and Disadvantages 552\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 Analysis 555\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.4 Crossover Case Study 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5 Summary 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.6 Questions for Discussion 560\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e25 Operating Characteristics 561\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1 Introduction 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2 Calculated Operating Characteristics 562\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.3 Operating Characteristics by Simulation 565\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.4 Summary 571\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.5 Questions for Discussion 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e26 Meta-Analyses 573\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.1 Introduction 573\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.2 A Sketch of Meta-Analysis Methods 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3 Other Issues 579\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.4 Summary 580\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.5 Questions for Discussion 580\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e27 Reporting and Authorship 581\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.1 Introduction 581\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.2 General Issues in Reporting 582\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.3 Clinical Trial Reports 585\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.4 Authorship 593\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.5 Other Issues in Disseminating Results 596\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.6 Summary 597\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.7 Questions for Discussion 598\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e28 Misconduct and Fraud in Clinical Research 599\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.1 Introduction 599\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.2 Research Practices 604\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3 Approach to Allegations of Misconduct 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.4 Characteristics of Some Misconduct Cases 608\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.5 Lessons 615\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.6 Clinical Investigator Responsibilities 616\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.7 Summary 618\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.8 Questions for Discussion 619\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e29 Clinical Trials in the COVID-19 Pandemic 620\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.1 Introduction 620\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.2 Epidemic Models 622\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.3 Testing 624\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.4 Useless Well-Liked Drugs 626\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.5 Impact of Covid-19 on Clinical Trials 627\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.6 Designing Trials to Test Covid-19 Treatments 628\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.7 Ethics Takes a Detour 631\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.8 Vaccine Trials 637\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.9 Summary 641\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.10 Questions for Discussion 641\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e30 Real-World Clinical Trials 642\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.1 Introduction 642\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.2 Point-of-Care Data 643\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.3 Whither Clinical Trials? 646\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.4 Summary 647\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.5 Questions for Discussion 647\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A Notation and Terminology 648\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 662\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 741\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Mathematics [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Mathematics\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Mathematics%20%5BPB%5D%22\"\u003ePB\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52405464924440,"sku":"9781394195664","price":110.79,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781394195664.jpg?v=1784135003","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/clinical-trials-a-methodologic-perspective-hardback-9781394195664","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}