{"product_id":"capitalism-since-1945-paperback-softback-9780631179351","title":"Capitalism Since 1945 (Paperback \/ softback) 9780631179351","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eCapitalism Since 1945\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003ePhilip Armstrong (Author), Andrew Glyn (Author), John Harrison (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9780631179351, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003ePaperback \/ softback, published 10 May 1991\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e408 pages\u003cbr\u003e23 x 15.5 x 2.2 cm, 0.595 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eThis book charts the development of capitalism in the post-war period and describes the challenges that the system has faced since 1945. It describes the measures that were taken to deal with the post-war slump and the ways in which most capitalist economies achieved steady growth and affluence in the 1950s and 1960s. It goes on to show how this boom was undermined by unemployment ensued.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eList of Figures ix \u003cp\u003eList of Tables xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface iv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART I: Postwar Reconstruction, 1945-1950 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Chaos and Despair 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Behind the Chaos 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe means to produce 7 Workers 7 War damage 8 Investment 8\u003cbr\u003eBottlenecks 10 Capital and labour 11 The United States and the United Kingdom 12 \u003cbr\u003eJapan and Germany 16 Italy and France 20\u003cbr\u003eInternational relations 22 Relations betmeen the advanced countries 22\u003cbr\u003eThe colonies 23 Relations mith the USSR 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Great Power Policies 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUncle Sam out for himself 27 Aid to Europe and Japan 28 \u003cbr\u003eInternational money and trade systems 30 US occupation policy 31 \u003cbr\u003eUncle Joe in control 35 People's democracy 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 The First Two Years 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInvestment and wages 38 Japan 41 Germany 47 Italy 52\u003cbr\u003eFrance 56 The United Kingdom 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Marshall Aid: the United States Changes Tack 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurope's crisis? 68 Economic problems in the United States 73 \u003cbr\u003eUS labour 75 How the Marshall Plan worked 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 The New Turn in Europe and Japan 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrance 84 Italy 87 Japan 90 Germany 94\u003cbr\u003eThe United Kingdom 101 Summary 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Towards the Boom 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe US recession 106 The 1949 devaluations 107 \u003cbr\u003eThe Korean upswing 108 Investment and the boom 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART II: The Great Boom, 1950-1974 115\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 The Golden Years 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorkers and means of production 118 Profits 119 Profit shares and rates 119 \u003cbr\u003eProduction and realization 120 Wages 122 Why wages rose 124\u003cbr\u003eExports 126 Government spending 126 Investment 127\u003cbr\u003eThe Japanese economic miracle 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 A New, Managed Capitalism? 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe welfare state 137 German codetermination 141 \u003cbr\u003eFrench economic planning 143 Japanese industrial policy 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 The Eclipse of US Domination 151 \u003cbr\u003eThe growth of trade 153 International oligopoly 154 \u003cbr\u003eUS business slips back 155 Lom accumulation at home 158 \u003cbr\u003eInvestment abroad 160 The boom, Bretton Woods and the dollar 162 \u003cbr\u003eUS gains 163 Costs of maintaining the dollar 165 \u003cbr\u003eInternational monetary reform 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 Overaccumulation 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDevelopment of the working class 169 The late 1960s: the problem of full employment 172 \u003cbr\u003eTight labour markets 172 Accumulation and the demand for labour 173 \u003cbr\u003eThe profits squeeze 176 Productivity growth 177 Product wages 179 \u003cbr\u003eInternational competition 180 Falling output-capital ratio 181 Falling rate of profit 182 \u003cbr\u003ePost-tax profits 184 Did workers gain? 185 \u003cbr\u003eInflation 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 Overheating 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrike waves and wage explosions 192 Italy's Hot Autumn 196 \u003cbr\u003eMay 1968 200 Clampdown and the 1970-1 recession 207 \u003cbr\u003eThe break-up of Bretton Woods 207 Dollar devaluation 210 \u003cbr\u003eThe surplus countries 211 US competitiveness and payments 212 \u003cbr\u003eThe 1972-3 mini-boom 215 The commodities boom 217 \u003cbr\u003eThe grain market 218 End of an era 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13 Oil and the Crash of 1974 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe oil crisis 221 The crash 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART III: Coping with the Slowdown, 1974- 231\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 The Great Slowdown 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy growth has slowed 234 Consumers to blame ... 234 \u003cbr\u003eOr foreigners ... 236 ... Or governments? 236 Investment 237\u003cbr\u003eStagnation of productivity and rising unemployment 240\u003cbr\u003eThe productivity crisis 240 The rise in unemployment 243 \u003cbr\u003eDe-industrialization and structural change 244 \u003cbr\u003eWomen's and men's employment 247 \u003cbr\u003eProfits 248 Profitability and accumulation 251\u003cbr\u003eInflation and unemployment 254 \u003cbr\u003eFinance and the legacy of Government debt 256 \u003cbr\u003eConsumer debt 257\u003cbr\u003eFinancing productive investment 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 Workers and the Organization of Production 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnions and strikes 262 Relocating production 267 \u003cbr\u003eFrom Fordism to Toyotaism 269 \u003cbr\u003eConclusion 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 International Relations 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Eastern bloc 282 The less developed countries 284 \u003cbr\u003eThe oil producers 287 The nemly industrializing countries 288 \u003cbr\u003eThe debt crisis 290 The advanced countries 295 Trade 296 \u003cbr\u003e1992 298 Foreign investment 300 International money 301 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e17 Reversing the Consensus 305\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRestrictive monetary and fiscal policy 307 Cutting down the state 310 \u003cbr\u003eTax cuts 312 Privatization 314 Deregulation 317 \u003cbr\u003eDeregulation of the labour market 318 Has it worked? 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 Against the Tide 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAttempts at expanding demand 322 Market forces and the problems of expansion 324 \u003cbr\u003eRadical measures to curb market forces 327 \u003cbr\u003eInflation and wages 327 The balance of payments and speculation 328 \u003cbr\u003eIndustrial policy 328 Distributing the results of slower growth 332 \u003cbr\u003eConclusions 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 Capitalism Triumphant? 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData Appendix 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSources 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 383\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Economics [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Economics\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Economics%20%5BKC%5D%22\"\u003eKC\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52472105599256,"sku":"9780631179351","price":43.75,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9780631179351.jpg?v=1785717140","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/capitalism-since-1945-paperback-softback-9780631179351","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}