{"product_id":"biopharmaceuticals-biochemistry-and-biotechnology-paperback-softback-9780470843277","title":"Biopharmaceuticals; Biochemistry and Biotechnology (Paperback \/ softback) 9780470843277","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eBiopharmaceuticals\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eBiochemistry and Biotechnology\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eGary Walsh (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9780470843277, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003ePaperback \/ softback, published 18 July 2003\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e576 pages\u003cbr\u003e25 x 19 x 3.2 cm, 1.021 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\"…contains just about everything that anyone would want to know about the subject…It's all here in this easy-to-read textbook.” (\u003ci\u003eBiochemistry and Molecular Education\u003c\/i\u003e, March\/April 2004)  \u003cp\u003e\"...well written… (and) copiously illustrated...\" (Chemistry \u0026amp; Industry, 17th January 2005)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e “This book should be recommended reading for all under-graduate course in pharmacy and the pharmaceutical sciences …”. (Cell Biochemistry \u0026amp; Function, March-April 2005)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eThe latest edition of this highly acclaimed textbook, provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the science and medical applications of biopharmaceutical products. Biopharmaceuticals refers to pharmaceutical substances derived from biological sources, and increasingly, it is synonymous with 'newer' pharmaceutical substances derived from genetic engineering or hybridoma technology.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e This superbly written review of the important areas of investigation in the field, covers drug production, plus the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of action together with the biotechnology of major biopharmaceutical types on the market or currently under development. There is also additional material reflecting both the technical advances in the area and detailed information on key topics such as the influence of genomics on drug discovery.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 1 Pharmaceuticals, biologics and biopharmaceuticals 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction to pharmaceutical products 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiopharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical biotechnology 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory of the pharmaceutical industry 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe age of biopharmaceuticals 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiopharmaceuticals: current status and future prospects 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional pharmaceuticals of biological origin 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePharmaceuticals of animal origin 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe sex hormones 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe androgens 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOestrogens 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProgesterone and progestogens 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorticosteroids 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCatecholamines 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProstaglandins 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePharmaceutical substances of plant origin 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkaloids 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAtropine and scopalamine 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMorphine and cocaine 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional plant alkaloids 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eErgot alkaloids 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlavonoids, xanthines and terpenoids 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCardiac glycosides and coumarins 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAspirin 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePharmaceutical substances of microbial origin 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe macrolides and ansamycins 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeptide and other antibiotics 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 2 The drug development process 43\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrug discovery 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe impact of genomics and related technologies upon drug discovery 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGene chips 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProteomics 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStructural genomics 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePharmacogenetics 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlants as a source of drugs 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicrobial drugs 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRational drug design 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombinatorial approaches to drug discovery 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInitial product characterization 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatenting 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat is a patent and what is patentable? 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatent types 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe patent application 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePatenting in biotechnology 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDelivery of biopharmaceuticals 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOral delivery systems 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePulmonary delivery 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNasal, transmucosal and transdermal delivery systems 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePre-clinical trials 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eToxicity studies 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReproductive toxicity and teratogenicity 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMutagenicity, carcinogenicity and other tests 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical trials 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical trial design 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTrial size and study population 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRandomized control studies 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional trial designs 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe role and remit of regulatory authorities 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Food and Drug Administration 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe investigational new drug application 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe new drug application 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEuropean regulations 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNational regulatory authorities 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe EMEA and the new EU drug approval systems 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe centralized procedure 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMutual recognition 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrug registration in Japan 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorld harmonization of drug approvals 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 3 The drug manufacturing process 93\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInternational pharmacopoeia 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMartindale\u003c\/i\u003e, the Extra Pharmacopoeia 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGuides to good manufacturing practice 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe manufacturing facility 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClean rooms 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCleaning, decontamination and sanitation (CDS) 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCDS of the general manufacturing area 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCDS of process equipment 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater for biopharmaceutical processing 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneration of purified water and water for injections (WFI) 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDistribution system for WFI 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDocumentation 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecifications 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManufacturing formulae, processing and packaging instructions 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecords 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneration of manufacturing records 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSources of biopharmaceuticals 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eE. coli as a source of recombinant, therapeutic proteins 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExpression of recombinant proteins in animal cell culture systems 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional production systems: yeasts 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFungal production systems 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransgenic animals 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransgenic plants 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInsect cell-based systems 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProduction of final product 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCell banking systems 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUpstream processing 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicrobial cell fermentation 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMammalian cell culture systems 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDownstream processing 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinal product formulation 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSome influences that can alter the biological activity of proteins 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProteolytic degradation 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein deamidation 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOxidation and disulphide exchange 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlteration of glycoprotein glycosylation patterns 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStabilizing excipients used in final product formulations 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinal product fill 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFreeze-drying 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLabelling and packing 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of the final product 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein-based contaminants 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRemoval of altered forms of the protein of interest from the product stream 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProduct potency 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetermination of protein concentration 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetection of protein-based product impurities 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCapillary electrophoresis 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMass spectrometry 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunological approaches to detection of contaminants 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmino acid analysis 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeptide mapping 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eN-terminal sequencing 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of secondary and tertiary structure 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEndotoxin and other pyrogenic contaminants 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEndotoxin, the molecule 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePyrogen detection 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDna 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicrobial and viral contaminants 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eViral assays 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous contaminants 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eValidation studies 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 4 The cytokines —the interferon family 189\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCytokines 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCytokine receptors 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCytokines as biopharmaceuticals 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe interferons 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe biochemistry of interferon-a 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterferon-b 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterferon-g 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterferon signal transduction 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe interferon receptors 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe JAK–STAT pathway 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe interferon JAK–STAT pathway 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe biological effects of interferons 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe eIF-2a protein kinase system 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterferon biotechnology 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProduction and medical uses of IFN-a 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMedical uses of IFN-b 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMedical applications of IFN-g 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterferon toxicity 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional interferons 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 5 Cytokines: interleukins and tumour necrosis factor 223\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterleukin-2 (IL-2) 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIL-2 production 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIL-2 and cancer treatment 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIL-2 and infectious diseases 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSafety issues 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInhibition of IL-2 activity 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterleukin-1 (IL-1) 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe biological activities of IL- 1 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIL-1 biotechnology 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterleukin-3: biochemistry and biotechnology 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterleukin- 4 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterleukin- 6 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterleukin- 11 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterleukin- 5 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterleukin- 12 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTumour necrosis factors (TNFs) 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTNF biochemistry 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiological activities of TNF-a 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunity and inflammation 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTNF receptors 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTNF: therapeutic aspects 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 6 Haemopoietic growth factors 255\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe interleukins as haemopoietic growth factors 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGranulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMacrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGranulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical application of CSFs 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLeukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eErythropoietin (EPO) 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe EPO receptor and signal transduction 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegulation of EPO production 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTherapeutic applications of EPO 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChronic disease and cancer chemotherapy 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional non-renal applications 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTolerability 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThrombopoietin 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 7 Growth factors 277\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrowth factors and wound healing 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInsulin-like growth factors (IGFs) 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIGF biochemistry 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIGF receptors 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIGF-binding proteins 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiological effects 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIGF and fetal development 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIGFs and growth 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRenal and reproductive effects 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeuronal and other effects 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpidermal growth factor (EGF) 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe EGF receptor 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlatelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe PDGF receptor and signal transduction 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePDGF and wound healing 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFibroblast growth factors (FGFs) 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransforming growth factors (TGFs) 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTGF-a 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTGF-b 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeurotrophic factors 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe neurotrophins 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeurotrophin receptors 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe neurotrophin low-affinity receptor 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCiliary neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeurotrophic factors and neurodegenerative disease 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and peripheral neuropathy 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeurotrophic factors and neurodegenerative diseases of the brain 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 8 Hormones of therapeutic interest 303\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInsulin 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiabetes mellitus 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe insulin molecule 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe insulin receptor and signal transduction 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInsulin production 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnzymatic conversion of porcine insulin 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProduction of human insulin by recombinant DNA technology 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFormulation of insulin products 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEngineered insulins 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional means of insulin administration 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreating diabetics with insulin-producing cells 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlucagon 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHuman growth hormone (hGH) 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrowth hormone releasing factor (GHRF) and inhibitory factor (GHRIF) 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe GH receptor 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiological effects of GH 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTherapeutic uses of GH 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecombinant hGH (rhGH) and pituitary dwarfism 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdiopathic short stature and Turner’s syndrome 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMetabolic effects of hGH 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGH, lactation and ovulation 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe gonadotrophins 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFollicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe inhibins and activins 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLHRH and regulation of gonadotrophin production 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMedical and veterinary applications of gonadotrophins 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSources and medical uses of FSH, LHand hCG 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecombinant gonadotrophins 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVeterinary uses of gonadotrophins 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional recombinant hormones now approved 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 9 Blood products and therapeutic enzymes 351\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisease transmission 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhole blood 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlatelets and red blood cells 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBlood substitutes 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDextrans 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlbumin 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGelatin 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOxygen-carrying blood substitutes 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHaemostasis 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe coagulation pathway 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerminal steps of coagulation pathway 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClotting disorders 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactor VIII and haemophilia 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProduction of Factor VIII 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactors IX, VII \u003csub\u003ea\u003c\/sub\u003e and XIII 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnticoagulants 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeparin 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin Kantimetabolites 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHirudin 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntithrombin 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThrombolytic agents 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTissue plasminogen activator (tPA) 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst-generation tPA 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEngineered tPA 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStreptokinase 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrokinase 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStaphylokinase 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ea1 -Antitrypsin 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnzymes of therapeutic value 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAsparaginase 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDNase 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlucocerebrosidase 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ea-Galactosidase and urate oxidase 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuperoxide dismutase 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDebriding agents 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDigestive aids 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLactase 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 10 Antibodies, vaccines and adjuvants 403\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePolyclonal antibody preparations 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti-D immunoglobulin 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNormal immunoglobulins 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHepatitis Band tetanus immunoglobulin 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSnake and spider antivenins 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMonoclonal antibodies 409\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProduction of monoclonals via hybridoma technology 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntibody screening: phage display technology 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTherapeutic application of monoclonal antibodies 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTumour immunology 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntibody-based strategies for tumour detection\/destruction 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrug-based tumour immunotherapy 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst-generation anti-tumour antibodies: clinical disappointment 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTumour-associated antigens 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntigenicity of murine monoclonals 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChimaeric and humanized antibodies 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntibody fragments 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional therapeutic applications of monoclonal antibodies 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCardiovascular and related disease 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInfectious diseases 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutoimmune disease 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransplantation 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVaccine technology 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional vaccine preparations 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAttenuated, dead or inactivated bacteria 438\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAttenuated and inactivated viral vaccines 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eToxoids, antigen-based and other vaccine preparations 440\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe impact of genetic engineering on vaccine technology 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeptide vaccines 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVaccine vectors 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDevelopment of an AIDS vaccine 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifficulties associated with vaccine development 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAIDS vaccines in clinical trials 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCancer vaccines 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecombinant veterinary vaccines 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdjuvant technology 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdjuvant mode of action 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMineral-based adjuvants 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOil-based emulsion adjuvants 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBacteria\/bacterial products as adjuvants 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional adjuvants 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 11 Nucleic acid therapeutics 463\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGene therapy 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasic approach to gene therapy 464\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSome additional questions 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVectors used in gene therapy 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRetroviral vectors 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional viral-based vectors 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManufacture of viral vectors 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-viral vectors 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManufacture of plasmid DNA 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGene therapy and genetic disease 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGene therapy and cancer 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGene therapy and AIDS 486\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGene-based vaccines 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGene therapy: some additional considerations 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti-sense technology 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti-sense oligonucleotides 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUses, advantages and disadvantages of ‘oligos’ 491\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDelivery and cellular uptake of oligonucleotides 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManufacture of oligonucleotides 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitravene, an approved antisense agent 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntigene sequences and ribozymes 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 1 Biopharmaceuticals thus far approved in the USA or European Union 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 2 Some Internet addresses relevant to the biopharmaceutical sector 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 3 Two selected monographs reproduced from the European Pharmacopoeia with permission from the European Commission: I. Products of recombinant DNA technology 515\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eII. Interferon a-2 concentrated solution 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 4 Manufacture of biological medicinal products for human use. (Annex 2 from The Rules Governing Medicinal Products in the European Community, Vol. 4, Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products) 527\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 533\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Biology, life sciences [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Biology, life sciences\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Biology,%20life%20sciences%20%5BPS%5D%22\"\u003ePS\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52472099832088,"sku":"9780470843277","price":77.57,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9780470843277.jpg?v=1785716923","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/biopharmaceuticals-biochemistry-and-biotechnology-paperback-softback-9780470843277","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}