{"product_id":"bioavailability-bioaccessibility-and-mobility-of-environmental-contaminants-paperback-softback-9780470025789","title":"Bioavailability, Bioaccessibility and Mobility of Environmental Contaminants (Paperback \/ softback) 9780470025789","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eBioavailability, Bioaccessibility and Mobility of Environmental Contaminants\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eJohn R. Dean (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9780470025789, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003ePaperback \/ softback, published 23 March 2007\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e320 pages\u003cbr\u003e22.9 x 15.2 x 1.8 cm, 0.467 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\"... it will be a valuable and useful source of material for both individual students and teachers.\" (\u003ci\u003eInternational Journal of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry\u003c\/i\u003e, October 2007)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book covers all aspects of bioavailability, as related to environmental contaminants. After a discussion of the definition of bioavailability and its context, focus is placed on the role of risk assessment and bioavailability. Methods of analysis are then discussed including a range of atomic spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques for metal analysis and chromatographic approaches for persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The occurrence, properties and eco-toxicity of POPs and metals in the soil\/sediment environment are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the uptake of POPs and metals by plants (phytoextraction). Examples of POPs and metals in the environment are reviewed.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethods to assess the bioavailability of POPs and metals in the environment are discussed. The particular approaches considered are:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003enon-exhaustive extraction techniques\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003esingle extraction techniques\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003esequential extraction techniques\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003euse of cyclodextrin and surfactants\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ein-vitro gastrointestinal methods including physiological-based extraction test\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ethe use of bioasssays including earthworms.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinally, selected case studies highlight the importance of determining the bioavailability of POPs and metals.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSeries Preface xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcronyms, Abbreviations and Symbols xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Author xxiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Contaminated Land and the Link to Human Health 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Soil Guideline Values 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Residential 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Allotments 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3 Commercial\/Industrial 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Risk to Humans 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 An Approach to Assess Contaminated Soils Relative to Soil Guideline Values 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Mean-Value Test 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2 Maximum-Value Test 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Sample Preparation and Analytical Techniques for Elemental Analysis of Environmental Contaminants 17\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Sample Preparation for Elemental Analysis 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Solid Samples 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Liquid Samples 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Atomic Emission Spectroscopy 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Inorganic Mass Spectrometry 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Interferences in ICP–MS 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Electrochemistry 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Hyphenated Techniques 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Comparison of Elemental Analytical Techniques 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10 Selected Resources on Elemental Analytical Techniques 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10.1 Specific Books on Atomic Spectroscopy 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10.2 Specific Books on Electroanalytical Techniques 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Sample Preparation and Analytical Techniques for Persistent Organic Pollutant Analysis of Environmental Contaminants 59\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Sample Preparation for Persistent Organic Pollutant Analysis 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Solid Samples 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Liquid Samples 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Gas Chromatography 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 High Performance Liquid Chromatography 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Interfacing Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Comparison of Persistent Organic Pollutant Analytical Techniques 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Selected Resources on Persistent Organic Pollutant Analytical Techniques 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.1 Specific Books on Chromatography 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Methods Used to Assess Bioavailability of Metals 89\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Non-Exhaustive Extraction Techniques for Metals 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Single Extraction Methods for Metals 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Sequential Extraction Techniques for Metals 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Earthworms 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Earthworms in Bioavailability Studies 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Chemical-Extraction Methods to Estimate Bioavailability of Metals by Earthworms 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Plant Uptake 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Certified Reference Materials 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Methods Used to Assess Bioavailability of Persistent Organic Pollutants 145\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Non-Exhaustive Extraction Techniques for POPs 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Selective or ‘Mild-Solvent’ Extraction 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Cyclodextrin Extraction 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Supercritical-Fluid Extraction 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Other Approaches 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Earthworm Studies 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Chemical-Extraction Methods Used to Estimate the Bioavailability of POPs by Earthworms 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Plant Uptake 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Methods Used to Assess Oral Bioaccessibility 191\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Introduction to Human Physiology 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Considerations in the Design and Development of a Simulated in vitro Gastrointestinal Extraction Method 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Design of an in vitro Gastrointestinal Method 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Development of an in vitro Gastrointestinal Method 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Approaches to Assess the Bioaccessibility of Metals 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Approaches to Assess the Bioaccessibility of Persistent Organic Pollutants 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Validity for Measuring Bioaccessibility 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Selected Case Studies on Bioavailability, Bioaccessibility and Mobility of Environmental Contaminants 215\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Bioavailability of Metals by Plants 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Background 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Experimental 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.3 Results and Discussion 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.4 Conclusions 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.5 Specific References 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Bioaccessibility of Metals from Plants 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Background 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Experimental 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Results and Discussion 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Conclusions 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Bioavailability of POPs by Plants 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Background 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Experimental 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Results and Discussion 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.4 Conclusions 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Bioaccessibility of POPs from Plants 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Background 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Experimental 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Results and Discussion 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Conclusions 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Recording of Information and Selected Resources 241\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Safety 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Recording of Information in the Laboratory 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Introduction 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Examples of Data Sheets 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Selected Resources 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResponses to Self-Assessment Questions 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlossary of Terms 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSI Units and Physical Constants 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeriodic Table 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 287\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Chemistry [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Chemistry\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Chemistry%20%5BPN%5D%22\"\u003ePN\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52256245940504,"sku":"9780470025789","price":49.36,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9780470025789.jpg?v=1781274515","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/bioavailability-bioaccessibility-and-mobility-of-environmental-contaminants-paperback-softback-9780470025789","provider":"Freshly Printed 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