{"product_id":"autoimmune-liver-disease-management-and-clinical-practice-hardback-9781119532606","title":"Autoimmune Liver Disease; Management and Clinical Practice (Hardback) 9781119532606","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eAutoimmune Liver Disease\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eManagement and Clinical Practice\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eJames Neuberger (Edited by), J Neuberger (Author), Gideon M. Hirschfield (Edited by)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781119532606, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 2 April 2020\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e336 pages\u003cbr\u003e25.9 x 18.5 x 3 cm, 0.885 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eEin praxisorientierter Leitfaden zu autoimmunen Lebererkrankungen, Pathogenese, Diagnose und Management.\u003cbr\u003e Autoimmune Liver Disease Management and Clinical Practice erläutert alles Wissenswerte zum aktuellen Forschungsstand autoimmuner Lebererkrankungen und legt dabei den Schwerpunkt auf Diagnose und Behandlung. Nach einer ausführlichen Darstellung der heutigen Erkenntnisse in der Immunologie in Verbindung mit der Autoimmunität der Leber werden die vier wichtigsten autoimmunen Lebererkrankungen bei Erwachsenen und Kindern erläutert, einschließlich Management, Rolle von Lebertransplantationen, erprobte Ansätze des Patientenmanagements und Empowerment-Ansätze.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e Die Autoren, Experten des Fachgebiets, untersuchen im Detail autoimmune Lebererkrankungen und geben Kliniker Handreichungen zur Patientenunterstützung. Die folgenden Themenkomplexe werden unter anderem ausführlich behandelt:\u003cbr\u003e - Die vier autoimmunen Lebererkrankungen, deren Diagnose und Behandlungsoptionen.\u003cbr\u003e - Einsatz (und Missbrauch) von Autoantikörpern bei Diagnose und Behandlung.\u003cbr\u003e - Rolle und Zeitpunkt von Lebertransplantationen und die Auswirkung auf wiederkehrende autoimmune Lebererkrankungen und De-novo-Autoimmunhepatitis.\u003cbr\u003e - Optimales Patientenmanagement und patientenbezogene Pflege.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e Dieses Referenzwerk zeigt umfassend, im Detail und mit alltäglichem Praxisbezug die jüngsten Entwicklungen beim Management von Lebererkrankungen und richtet sich an Ärzte, Pflegepersonal und Experten im Gesundheitswesen.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContributors xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction: The Paradigm and Paradox of Liver Autoimmunity 1\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eM. Eric Gershwin\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection I Scientific Basis of Clinical Autoimmune Liver Diseases 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction to the Physiology, Immunology and Pathology of the Liver and Biliary Tree 5\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMarco Carbone and Mario Strazzabosco\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiver Cell Types and Organization 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHepatic Metabolism 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBilirubin Metabolism and Transport 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCarbohydrate Metabolism 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLipid Metabolism 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein Metabolism 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMetabolic Zonation 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHepatic Transport Systems 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasolateral (Sinusoidal) Transporters 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApical (Canalicular) Transporters 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrug Metabolism 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBile Formation, Secretion and the Enterohepatic Circulation 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBile Acid Synthesis and Metabolism 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnterohepatic Bile Acid Circulation 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeath and Regeneration of Hepatocytes 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCell Death 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiver Regeneration 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCholangiocyte Reaction to Biliary Damage 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtective Role of Biliary HCO\u003csub\u003e3 \u003c\/sub\u003e\u003csup\u003e−\u003c\/sup\u003e Secretion 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCholangiocytes and Immunity 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiochemical Markers and Patterns of Hepatic Injury 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHepatocellular Necrosis 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCholestasis 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Concepts of Autoimmunity Relevant to Autoimmune Liver Diseases 21\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eIsaiah G. Roepe and John M. Vierling\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRole of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Autoimmunity in the Context of the Liver as an Immune Organ 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverview 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInnate Immunity 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiver as an Innate Immune Organ 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdaptive Immunity and Adaptive Immune Functions of the Liver 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRole of the Liver as an Adaptive Immune Organ 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneration and Maintenance of Tolerance to Self‐antigens 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverview 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCentral Tolerance 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCentral T‐cell Tolerance 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCentral B‐cell Tolerance 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeripheral Tolerance 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eT‐ and B‐cell Clonal Anergy 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eT‐cell Mediated Immune Regulation 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNatural and Inducible T Regulatory Cells 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeripheral B‐cell Regulatory Mechanisms 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegulatory Dendritic Cells 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunoregulatory Interplay Between Treg and Th17 Cells 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRisk Factors for Autoimmune Diseases 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetics 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComplex Genetic and Monogenic Diseases 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHLA Risk Alleles 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon‐HLA Gene Associations 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCritical Role of Epigenetics 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTranscription Factor Enhancers and Super Enhancers 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicroRNAs 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSex and Sex Hormones 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin D and Sunlight Exposure 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLoss of Immune Tolerance to Autoantigens and Perpetuation of Autoimmune Diseases 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverview 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRole of the Microbiome 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanisms of Loss of Tolerance to Autoantigens 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBacterial and Viral Infections 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMolecular Mimicry of Autoantigens 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeoantigens 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFailure of Apoptosis to Conceal Autoantigens and Eliminate Autoreactive Cells 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmune Deviation of Activated T Cells 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eT‐cell Receptor Revision in the Periphery 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerpetuation of Autoimmune Diseases 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpigenetics 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpitope Spreading 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTissue Memory T Cells 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCytokines Promoting Chronic Inflammation and Autoimmunity 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTertiary Lymphoid Structures and Germinal Centers 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpithelial Cell‐induced Transformation of iTreg to Th17 Cells 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevention of Autoimmunity and Therapeutic Control of Autoimmune Diseases 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverview 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrategies to Prevent Autoimmunity 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin D\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGut Microbiota Manipulation in Pregnancy and Infancy 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOral Tolerance 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrategies to Treat Established Autoimmune Diseases 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInducible T Regulatory T Cells 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpigenetic Enhancer Regulation 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Genetics and Risk of Autoimmune Liver Diseases 47\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGeorge F. Mells\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHLA Associations in Autoimmune Liver Disease 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon‐HLA Associations in Autoimmune Liver Disease 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Autoantibodies and Understanding of Autoimmune Liver Diseases 65\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eBenedetta Terziroli Beretta‐Piccoli, Giorgina Mieli‐Vergani, and Diego Vergani\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethods of Detection 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti‐nuclear Antibody 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunofluorescence Reactivities and Antigenic Targets 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Significance in Autoimmune Liver Disease 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti‐smooth Muscle and Anti‐actin Antibodies 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunofluorescence Reactivities, Antigenic Targets, and Clinical Significance 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti‐liver‐kidney Microsomal Antibody 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunofluorescence Reactivities, Antigenic Targets, and Clinical Significance 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti‐liver Cytosol Type 1 Antibody 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunofluorescence Reactivities, Antigenic Targets, and Clinical Significance 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti‐soluble Liver Antigen Antibody 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunofluorescence Reactivities, Antigenic Targets, and Clinical Significance 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti‐neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunofluorescence Reactivities, Antigenic Targets, and their Clinical Significance 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti‐mitochondrial Antibody 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunofluorescence Reactivities, Antigenic Targets, and their Clinical Significance 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti‐asialoglycoprotein Receptor Antibody 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunofluorescence Reactivities, Antigenic Targets, and their Clinical Significance 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndications for Autoimmune Liver Serology Testing 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcluding Remarks 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Environmental Exposure and Risk in Autoimmune Liver Diseases 83\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eYing Qi Li and Andrew L. Mason\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutoimmunity 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInteraction of Genes and Environmental Triggers in Autoimmunity 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanisms for Triggering Autoimmunity 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary Biliary Cholangitis 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeo‐epidemiology, Clusters, and Case–Control Studies of PBC 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBacterial Infection and PBC 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eXenobiotics and PBC 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eViruses in PBC 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutoimmune Hepatitis 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProspectus 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection II Autoimmune Liver Diseases and Their Clinical Correlation 103\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Autoimmune Hepatitis 105\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAliya Gulamhusein and Patrick McKiernan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinition and Pathophysiology 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpidemiology 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePresentation 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdult‐onset AIH 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePediatric‐onset AIH 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnosis 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutoimmune Sclerosing Cholangitis 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTherapeutic Approach in Adults 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst-line Therapy 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWithdrawal of Therapy 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecond‐line Options 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTherapeutic Approach in Children 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst-line Therapy 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWithdrawal of Therapy 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecond‐line Options 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrognosis 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdulthood 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChildhood 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Primary Biliary Cholangitis 123\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAlessio Gerussi and Marco Carbone\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction and Definition 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpidemiology 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEtiopathogenesis 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Presentation 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAsymptomatic Patients 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSymptomatic Patients 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnosis 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiochemical Tests 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutoantibodies 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiver Biopsy 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImaging 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifferential Diagnosis 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNatural History 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisease Course in the UDCA Era 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRisk Stratification 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrsodeoxycholic Acid 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObeticholic Acid 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFibric Acid Derivatives 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBudesonide 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiver Transplantation 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSymptom Management 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComplications of Liver Disease 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOsteoporosis 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdvanced Liver Disease 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVarices 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHCC 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUseful Websites 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis 143\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMette Vesterhus, Benedetta Terziroli Beretta‐Piccoli, Kirsten Muri Boberg, and Giorgina Mieli‐Vergani\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinition 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdult PSC 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpidemiology 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnosis 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnosis of Variant Phenotypes 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePresentation 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMalignancy 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCholangiocarcinoma 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGallbladder Cancer 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eColorectal Cancer 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrognosis 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRisk Stratification: Clinical Characteristics 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNatural History Models 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eALP and Bilirubin 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon‐invasive Evaluation of Fibrosis 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMedical Treatment 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBile Acid Therapy 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicrobiota Modulators 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnti-inflammatory Treatment 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntibiotic Therapy 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEndoscopic Treatment 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurveillance for Malignancy 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eColorectal Cancer: Colonoscopy 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGallbladder Cancer: Ultrasound 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHepatocellular Cancer: Ultrasound 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCholangiocarcinoma 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBone Mineral Density 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJuvenile Sclerosing Cholangitis 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpidemiology in Pediatric Disease 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutoimmune Sclerosing Cholangitis 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnosis in Children 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Features in Pediatric Disease 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment of Pediatric Disease (ASC and Juvenile PSC) 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrognosis in Pediatric Disease 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 IgG4‐Related Liver and Biliary Disease 163\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eEleanor Barnes and Emma L. Culver\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction and Historical Perspective 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEtiology and Pathogenesis of IgG4‐RD 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDevelopment and Characteristics of an IgG4 Antibody Response 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntigens That May Drive an IgG4‐RD Response 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIgG4 Antibodies and Pathogenesis 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncidence and Prevalence of IgG4‐RD 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Characteristics of IgG4‐related Hepatobiliary Disease 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHepatobiliary Disease 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisease Outside the Hepatobiliary System 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnostic Criteria, Histologic Features, and Approach to Diagnosis of IgG4‐related Hepatobiliary Disease 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnostic Criteria for AIP and IgG4‐RD 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistologic Diagnosis of IgG4‐related Hepatobiliary Disease 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUtility of Blood Tests, Including Serum IgG4 Levels in IgG4‐RD Diagnostics 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommon Alternative Diagnoses to Consider 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRadiologic Characteristics of Hepatobiliary IgG4‐RD 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIgG4‐RD and Relationship with Malignancy 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManagement and Treatment of Patients with IgG4‐RD 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMonitoring and Follow‐up 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions and Future Directions 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection III Specific Clinical Challenges 181\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Managing Acute and Chronic Seronegative Liver Disease 183\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMarcus C. Robertson and Peter C. Hayes\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn Approach to Seronegative Acute Liver Failure 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePotential Causes of Seronegative ALF and Features that Suggest an Autoimmune Pathogenesis 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Features of Seronegative ALF 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRisk Stratification in Seronegative ALF 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManagement of Seronegative ALF 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eN\u003c\/i\u003e‐Acetylcysteine 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorticosteroids 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmergency Liver Transplantation 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn Approach to Cryptogenic Chronic Liver Disease 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePotential Causes of Seronegative Chronic Liver Disease and Features that Suggest an Autoimmune Pathogenesis 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWilson Disease 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeronegative Autoimmune Hepatitis 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeronegative Primary Biliary Cholangitis 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Managing Pregnant Women with Autoimmune Liver Disease 201\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eEleni Theocharidou and Michael A. Heneghan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFertility in AIH 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePregnancy Outcomes in AIH 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiver‐related Outcomes in Pregnancy 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePregnancy in Cirrhosis 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSafety of Medication in Pregnancy 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Bone Health in Patients with Autoimmune Liver Diseases 219\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAlbert Parés and Núria Guañabens\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevalence of Osteoporosis and Fractures 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary Biliary Cholangitis 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary Sclerosing Cholangitis 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutoimmune Hepatitis 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePathogenesis 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssessment of Bone Disease 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevention and Treatment of Bone Loss 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Measures 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePharmacologic Agents 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBisphosphonates 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Agents 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection IV Transplantation and Its Role in Autoimmune Liver Disease 233\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Recurrent Autoimmune Liver Disease and Its Impact on Clinical Practice 235\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCarlos Moctezuma‐Velázquez and Aldo J. Montano‐Loza\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary Biliary Cholangitis 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecurrence of PBC After LT 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnosis of PBC After LT 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRisk Factors Associated with PBC Recurrence After LT 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment of PBC Recurrence After LT 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrognostic Impact of PBC Recurrence After LT 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary Sclerosing Cholangitis 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecurrence of PSC After LT 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnosis of Recurrence of PSC After LT 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRisk Factors Associated with PSC Recurrence After LT 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment of PSC Recurrence After LT 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrognostic Impact of PSC Recurrence After LT 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutoimmune Hepatitis 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecurrence of AIH After LT 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRisk Factors Associated with AIH Recurrence After LT 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTreatment of AIH Recurrence After LT 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrognostic Impact of AIH Recurrence After LT 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Recurrent Autoimmune Liver Disease and its Scientific Significance 247\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAtsushi Tanaka, Patrick S.C. Leung, and M. Eric Gershwin\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecurrence of PBC 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncidence and Diagnosis of Recurrent PBC 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRisk Factors of Recurrent PBC 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpact of Recurrent PBC on Long‐term Outcomes 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecurrence of PSC 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncidence and Diagnosis of Recurrent PSC 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRisk Factors of Recurrent PSC 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpact of Recurrent PSC on Long‐term Outcomes 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecurrence of AIH 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncidence and Diagnosis of Recurrent AIH 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRisk Factors of Recurrent AIH 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpact of Recurrent AIH on Long‐term Outcomes 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcluding Remarks 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection V Controversies in Autoimmune Liver Diseases 263\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Making Sense of Overlap and Crossover Syndromes 265\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eOlivier Chazouillères\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Considerations 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiver Biopsy 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAIH Scores 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetics 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePBC\/AIH Overlap Syndrome 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePSC\/AIH Overlap Syndrome 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiver Transplantation 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 The Role of Extrahepatic Autoimmunity in Autoimmune Liver Disease 277\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eEwa Wunsch and Piotr Milkiewicz\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpidemiology 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutoimmune Thyroid Disease 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSjogren Syndrome 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSystemic Sclerosis 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSystemic Lupus Erythematosus 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRheumatoid Arthritis 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCeliac Disease 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInflammatory Bowel Disease 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGuidelines for Clinicians 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Symptoms, Chronic Disease, and Patient Management 289\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDavid Jones\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Points 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBackground 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGoals of Treatment 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSymptoms, Quality of Life, and Health Utility: Key Concepts 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSymptoms 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHealth‐related Quality of Life 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHealth Utility 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSymptoms and Their Management in AILD 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpact of Disease‐modifying Therapy on Symptoms in AILD 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStage‐associated Symptoms 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStage‐independent Symptoms 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePruritus 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatigue and Cognitive Symptoms 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial Isolation Symptoms 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffective Care Delivery in AILD 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 301\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Medicine: general issues [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Medicine: general issues\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Medicine:%20general%20issues%20%5BMB%5D%22\"\u003eMB\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52428614304024,"sku":"9781119532606","price":104.45,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781119532606.jpg?v=1784681549","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/autoimmune-liver-disease-management-and-clinical-practice-hardback-9781119532606","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}