{"product_id":"applied-veterinary-clinical-nutrition-hardback-9781119375142","title":"Applied Veterinary Clinical Nutrition (Hardback) 9781119375142","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eApplied Veterinary Clinical Nutrition\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eAndrea J. Fascetti (Edited by), AJ Fascetti (Author), Sean J. Delaney (Edited by), Jennifer A. Larsen (Edited by), Cecilia Villaverde (Edited by)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781119375142, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 31 August 2023\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e656 pages\u003cbr\u003e25.6 x 18.3 x 3.8 cm, 1.52 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eApplied Veterinary Clinical Nutrition\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWell-referenced clinical resource for canine and feline nutrition, with expansions throughout and two new chapters covering birds and small mammals.\u003c\/b\u003e  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFully revised to reflect new advances and information throughout, the Second Edition of \u003ci\u003eApplied Veterinary Clinical Nutrition\u003c\/i\u003e presents current, authoritative information on all aspects of small companion animal nutrition. The book provides clinically oriented solutions for integrating nutrition into clinical practice, with introductory chapters covering the foundation and science behind the recommendations and extensive references for further reading in every chapter.  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith contributions from more than 25 leading veterinary nutritionists, \u003ci\u003eApplied Veterinary Clinical Nutrition\u003c\/i\u003e covers topics such as:  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration of nutrition into clinical practice, basic nutrition, energy requirements, and pet food regulations in North America and Europe that also apply to many other regions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUsing and reviewing pet food labels and product guides, feeding the healthy dog and cat, and abridged clinical nutrition topics for companion avian species \u0026amp; small mammals\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCommercial and home-prepared diets, and nutritional management of body weight and orthopedic, skin, and gastrointestinal diseases\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNutritional management of exocrine, hepatobiliary, kidney, lower urinary tract, endocrine, cardiovascular, and oncological diseases as well as enteral and parenteral nutrition\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eA valuable resource on the principles of small animal nutrition and feeding practices in health or disease, \u003ci\u003eApplied Veterinary Clinical Nutrition\u003c\/i\u003e is a widely trusted and practical daily reference for veterinary practitioners including specialists, residents, and students seeking expert information on feeding their canine, feline, avian, and small mammalian patients.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xx\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xxiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xxiv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Integration of Nutrition into Clinical Practice 1\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSean J. Delaney, Andrea J. Fascetti, Jennifer A. Larsen, and Paul Brentson\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAverage Revenue from Food Sales and the Potential 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrategies to Increase Product Sales 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommending an Effective Therapeutic Food 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstablishing Expectations 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerforming a Nutritional Assessment 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMonitoring Patient Response 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProviding a Variety of Options 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommending Therapeutic Treats 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommending Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCreating or Increasing Revenue from Nutritional Advice 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Advice for Healthy Patients 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Advice for Unhealthy Patients 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Basic Nutrition Overview 8\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSean J. Delaney and Andrea J. Fascetti\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Requirements 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEssential Nutrients 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein and Amino Acids 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFat 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCarbohydrates 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMinerals 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMacrominerals 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTrace Minerals (Microminerals) 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamins 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater Soluble 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFat Soluble 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStorage Pools for Essential Nutrients 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEssential Nutrient Deficiency Signs and Clinically Available or Relevant Methods of Assessing Nutrient Status 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmino Acids 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArginine 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistidine 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIsoleucine 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLeucine 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLysine 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethionine (Spared by Cystine) 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhenylalanine (Spared by Tyrosine) 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThreonine 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTryptophan 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eValine 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTaurine 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFat 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLinoleic Acid 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArachidonic Acid (Cat, Not Dog) 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMinerals 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMacrominerals (Typically Required at 100 mg\/Mcal) 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalcium 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhosphorus 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMagnesium 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSodium 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePotassium 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChloride 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicrominerals (Typically Required at \u0026lt;100 mg\/Mcal) 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIron 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCopper 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eZinc 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManganese 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelenium 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIodine 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamins 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFat-Soluble Vitamins 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin A 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin d 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin E 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin K 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater-Soluble Vitamins 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThiamin, Vitamin B 1 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRiboflavin, Vitamin B 2 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePyridoxine, Vitamin B 6 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNiacin, Vitamin B 3 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePantothenic Acid, Vitamin B 5 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCobalamin, Vitamin B 12 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFolic Acid, Vitamin B 9 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiotin, Vitamin H or B 7 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCholine 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnostic and Food Analysis Laboratories and Diet Computer Analysis 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutrient Requirements 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Clinical Nutritional Excesses and Signs 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional Education on Nutrition 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Determining Energy Requirements 29\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJon J. Ramsey\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnits 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasic Concepts and Terminology 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiet Records or History 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating the Energy Content of a Diet 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractical Equations for Predicting the Metabolizable Energy Content of Dog and Cat Foods 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating Energy Requirement from Body Weight 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethods of Determining Energy Expenditure and Energy Requirements 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethods of Calculating Energy Expenditure and Energy Requirements 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Requirements for Maintenance 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExample Calculation 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExample Calculation 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExample Calculation 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Requirements for Growth 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExample Calculation 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Requirements for Pregnancy and Lactation 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExample Calculation 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculating Energy Requirements in States of Disease 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Nutritional and Energy Requirements for Performance 58\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRichard C. Hill\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow Much Should Exercising Dogs Be Fed? 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Requirements for Performance and Work 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypes of Exercise and Nutrient Requirements 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Importance of Training 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Recommendations for Dogs Undertaking Different Types of Exercise 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLong-Distance Submaximal Aerobic Exercise 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eShort-Distance Supramaximal Anaerobic Exercise 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFluid and Electrolyte Requirements, Hydration, and “Sports Drinks” 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntioxidants 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Vitamins, Trace Minerals, and Other Essential Nutrients 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Nutritional Supplements 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTime of Feeding 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Pet Food and Supplement Regulations: Practical Implications 72\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDavid A. Dzanis and Isabel Marzo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUS Regulation 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUS Regulation of Pet Foods and Supplements 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinitions, Abbreviations, and Acronyms 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUS Regulatory Oversight 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Labeling Requirements 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLabeling Claims 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescriptive Terms 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupplements 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTherapeutic Pet Foods 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDog Chews 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEuropean Union Regulation 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinitions, Abbreviations, and Acronyms 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Pet Food Regulations 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComplementary Pet Food: Composition, Uses, and Labeling 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeed Additives 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClaims 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLabeling 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDietetic Pet Food 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractical Implications 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Using Pet Food Labels and Product Guides 98\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSean J. Delaney and Andrea J. Fascetti\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e“Reading” a Pet Food Label 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverview of Regulatory Oversight 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrincipal Display Panel or Front Display Panel 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProduct Name 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBack Panel 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Adequacy 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIngredient Declaration 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutrient Concentrations or Guaranteed Analysis 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompany’s Contact Information 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeeding Directions or Guidelines 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalorie Content 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCaloric Distribution Calculation 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing Product Brochures and Guides 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConverting Nutrient Concentrations to a Dry Matter Basis 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConverting Nutrient Concentrations to an Energy Basis 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConverting to Other Units 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProduct Guide Recommendations for Conditions and Diseases 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommended Resources 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Feeding the Healthy Dog and Cat 106\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndrea J. Fascetti and Sean J. Delaney\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeeding the Healthy Dog and Cat 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow Much to Feed 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen and How to Feed 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFree-Choice (Ad Libitum, Self-Feeding) 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTime-Restricted Meal Feeding 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePortion-Controlled Feeding 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSnacks and Treats 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJerky Treats and Fanconi Syndrome in Dogs 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat to Feed 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeeding Guidelines for Different Life Stages 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGestation and Lactation 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCats 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDogs 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupplementation during Gestation and Lactation 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssessment 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrowth 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrphan Kittens and Puppies 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssessment 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeaning to Adult 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKittens 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePuppies 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeutering and the Prevention of Weight Gain in Kittens and Puppies 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssessment 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdult Cats and Dogs 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssessment 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSenior Dogs and Cats 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysiological Changes Associated with Aging 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutrient Requirements of Older Pets 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeeding Recommendations for Mature Dogs and Cats 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Commercial and Home-Prepared Diets 136\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndrea J. Fascetti and Sean J. Delaney\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommercial Diets 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypes of Pet Foods 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDry Food 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMoist Foods 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSemi-Moist Foods 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRaw 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTerminology 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarket Segments 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommercial Dog and Cat Diet Formulation and Considerations 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIngredient Database Population 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIngredient Safety and Legality First 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIngredient Regulatory Considerations 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIngredient Availability and Cost 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstablishing Reliable Nutrient Profiles for Ingredients 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIngredient Procurement 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSustainability 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsistency 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIngredient Declaration 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFormulation Software 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOptions 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLimitations 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEquipment 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExtruder 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanning\/Retorting Line 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAvailability of Pilot Plant or Line 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGuaranteed Analysis Target 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIngredient Declaration Order 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFunctionality 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eShelf Life 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePalatability 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLeast Cost 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStool Quality and Digestibility 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLabeling 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContinuous Improvement 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHome-Prepared Diets 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Adequacy 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManaging Patients Using Home-Prepared Diets 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein and Amino Acids 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty Acids 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCarbohydrates 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin and Mineral Supplements 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Considerations 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssessment while on a Home-Prepared Diet 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRaw Food Feeding 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Nutritional Management of Body Weight 163\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eKathryn E. Michel and Robert C. Backus\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Health Consequences of Overweightness and Obesity 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObesity as a Risk Factor for Canine Orthopedic Disease 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObesity as a Risk Factor for Feline Diabetes Mellitus 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional Health Risks of Obesity in Dogs and Cats 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncreasing Awareness of Overweightness and Obesity 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTargeting Optimal Weight 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBody Condition Scoring 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnderstanding the Risk Factors for Weight Gain 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccurate Accounting of Caloric Intake 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFormulation of the Weight-Loss Plan 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDietary Considerations 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercise 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTailoring the Program to the Patient 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssessment of the Weight-Loss Plan 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSafety and Efficacy of Weight-Loss Programs for Companion Animals 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdjustment of the Weight-Loss Plan 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Nutritional Management of Orthopedic Diseases 186\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eHerman Hazewinkel\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBone Composition and Calciotropic Hormones 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChemical Composition of Bone 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMineral Composition During Growth 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHormonal Regulation of Calcium 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Role of Nutrition During Skeletal Growth and Development 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalcium, Phosphorus, and Vitamin d 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalcium Deficiency 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhosphorus Deficiency 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin D Deficiency (Rickets or Hypovitaminosis D) 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeficiency of Other Trace Minerals 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalcium Excess (Alimentary Hypercalcitoninism) 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin D Excess 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin A Excess 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutrient Requirements for Skeletal Maintenance in Adult Animals 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImplementation of Nutrition in Clinical Orthopedics 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInfluence of Nutrition in the Occurrence of Orthopedic Diseases 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElbow Dysplasias 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRole of Nutrition in Elbow Dysplasias 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHip Dysplasia 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Influences Seen in Hip Dysplasia 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHypertrophic Osteodystrophy (or Metaphyseal Osteopathy) in Dogs 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevention of Nutritionally Related Orthopedic Diseases 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiets to Support Treatment of Patients with Osteoarthrosis 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCausative Role of Nutrition 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTherapeutic Role of Nutrition 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOsteoarthrosis in Cats 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Nutritional Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases 235\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eNick Cave, Sean J. Delaney, and Jennifer A. Larsen\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey Dietary Variables 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlutamine 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFat 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiber and Prebiosis 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiber Viscosity 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiber as a Luminal Adsorbent 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiber Fermentability 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffects of Short-Chain Volatile Fatty Acids on the Colon 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffects of Butyrate on Intestinal Immunity 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffect of Fiber on Intestinal Flora: Prebiosis 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChoice of Fiber 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmune Response to Dietary Antigens (Oral Tolerance) 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunologic Basis for Oral Tolerance 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLoss of Tolerance to Dietary Antigens 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFood Immunogenicity 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcute Gastrointestinal Disease 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWithholding Food for Acute Non-specific Gastroenteritis 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProvides Bowel Rest 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReduces the Risk of Vomiting 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDecreases Bacterial Proliferation 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDecreases Osmotic Diarrhea 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDecreases Presence of Food Antigens 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBenefits of Luminal Nutrition in Acute Gastroenteritis 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntestinal Recovery and Adaptation 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffect of Luminal Nutrients on Inflammation 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVeterinary Evidence 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommendations 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChronic Gastrointestinal Disease 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeriodontal Disease 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeriodontitis in Feral and Wild Animals 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvidence of the Protective Effect of Chewing Activities 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDental Diets 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Effect of Gingival Stimulation 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Influence of Diet on Saliva and the Flora 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommendations 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEsophageal Disease 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMotility Disorders and Megaesophagus 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEsophagitis 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSmall Intestinal Disease 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChronic Intestinal Inflammation and Idiopathic Enteropathy 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein-Losing Enteropathies 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdverse Food Reactions and Food-Responsive Enteropathy 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eShort Bowel Syndrome 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLarge Intestinal Disease 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eColitis 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcute Colitis 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChronic Colitis 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdiopathic Large-Bowel Diarrhea 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConstipation and Megacolon 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntestinal Gas and Flatulence 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntestinal Gas Transit and Borborygmus 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlatulence 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Nutritional Management of Exocrine Pancreatic Diseases 299\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCecilia Villaverde and Marta Hervera\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePancreatitis 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePathophysiology 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Management 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eControversies Regarding Nutritional Management 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen to Start Feeding in Acute Pancreatitis? 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow Low Is a “Low-Fat” Diet? 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDoes Fat Have to Be Restricted in Canine Acute Pancreatitis? 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow Important Is Fat Restriction in Feline Pancreatitis? 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDietary Management 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen to Feed 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRoute of Feeding 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiet Selection 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Requirements 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLong-Term Management 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFoods to Avoid in Chronic Pancreatitis 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePathophysiology 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Management 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eControversies Regarding Nutritional Management 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIs a Low-Fat Diet Important for Management? 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAre Medium-Chain Triglycerides Preferred over Long-Chain Triglycerides? 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDietary Management 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Nutritional Management of Hepatobiliary Diseases 319\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eStanley L. Marks and Aarti Kathrani\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMetabolic Alterations in Liver Failure 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCarbohydrate Metabolic Alterations 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein and Amino Acid Metabolic Alterations 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLipid Metabolic Alterations 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin and Mineral Abnormalities 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMalnutrition in Liver Disease 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Management of Common Hepatobiliary Disorders 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeline Idiopathic Hepatic Lipidosis 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePotassium 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003el-Carnitine 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCyanocobalamin\/Vitamin B 12 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Nutrient Considerations 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCopper-Associated Hepatotoxicity in Dogs 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDietary Copper Restriction 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePharmacologic Reduction of Copper 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntioxidants 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePortosystemic Shunts and Hepatic Encephalopathy 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDietary Protein 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNonabsorbable Disaccharides 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntimicrobials 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChronic Hepatitis 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Nutritional Management of Skin Diseases 345\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCatherine A. Outerbridge and Tammy J. Owens\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvaluation of Diet in the Context of Dermatologic Disease 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Deficiencies and Excesses 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEssential Fatty Acids 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eZinc 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eZinc-Responsive Dermatoses 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eZinc-Unresponsive Lethal Acrodermatitis in White Bull Terriers 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCopper 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin A 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin E 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin B Complex 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin c 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneric Dog Food Dermatosis 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSkin Diseases That Benefit from Nutritional or Dietary Management 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCutaneous Adverse Food Reactions 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Signs 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnosis and Treatment 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCutaneous Xanthomatosis 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuperficial Necrolytic Dermatitis 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Presentation 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnosis and Treatment 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Supplementation for Management of Skin Disease 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFatty Acid Supplementation 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eZinc Supplementation for Skin Disease 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB Vitamin Supplementation 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin A–Responsive Skin Diseases 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin E–Responsive Skin Diseases 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTherapeutic Diets for Skin Health 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Nutritional Management of Kidney Disease 384\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eYann Queau and Denise A. Elliott\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChronic Kidney Disease 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStage I\/II: Progression 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStage III\/IV: Uremia 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhosphate 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectrolytes 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSodium 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePotassium 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcid–Base Balance 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLong-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiber 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntioxidants 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutrients That Target the Endothelium 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Efficacy 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdministration 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcurrent Diseases 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHome-Prepared Diets 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMonitoring 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcute Kidney Injury 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlomerular Disease 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFanconi Syndrome 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Nutritional Management of Lower Urinary Tract Disease 412\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJoe Bartges and Ronald J. Corbee\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrystal-Related Lower Urinary Tract Disease 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrolithiasis 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalcium Oxalate 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStruvite 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePurines 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCystine 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompound Uroliths 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurgically and Minimally Invasive Management of Uroliths 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMatrix-Crystalline Urethral Plugs 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdiopathic Cystitis 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrinary Tract Infections 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Nutritional Management of Endocrine Diseases 441\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndrea J. Fascetti and Sean J. Delaney\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiabetes Mellitus 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Factors 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiber 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFat 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDigestible Carbohydrates 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMinerals and Vitamins 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFood Type 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeeding Recommendations and Assessment 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHyperlipidemia 448\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassification and Etiology 448\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Signs and Diagnosis 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManagement and Assessment 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHypothyroidism and Hyperadrenocorticism in Dogs 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDietary Hyperthyroidism in Dogs 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeline Hyperthyroidism and Idiopathic Hypercalcemia 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHyperthyroidism 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeline Idiopathic Hypercalcemia 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Nutritional Management of Cardiovascular Diseases 461\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLisa M. Freeman and John E. Rush\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeeding the Cat with Cardiac Disease 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDilated Cardiomyopathy 465\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHypertension 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeeding the Dog with Cardiac Disease 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAsymptomatic Cardiac Disease (Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease, Dilated Cardiomyopathy, or Other Cardiac Diseases; American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine [ACVIM] Stage B) 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMild to Moderate Congestive Heart Failure (ACVIM Stage C) 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCardiac Cachexia 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003en-3 Fatty Acids 471\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSodium 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePotassium and Magnesium 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntioxidants 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArginine 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdvanced Congestive Heart Failure (ACVIM Stage D) 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional Supplements for Dogs with Cardiac Disease 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTaurine 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003el-Carnitine 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoenzyme Q 10 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin d 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHypertension 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Nutritional Issues for Dogs and Cats with Cardiac Disease 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 478\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Nutritional Management of Oncologic Diseases 484\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGlenna E. Mauldin\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCancer-Associated Malnutrition 484\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeight Loss and Cachexia in Humans with Cancer 484\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeight Loss and Cachexia in Cats and Dogs with Cancer 486\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObesity in Humans with Cancer 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObesity in Cats and Dogs with Cancer 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanine Mammary Tumors and Obesity 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Management of Cats and Dogs with Cancer 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalorie Sources 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein and Amino Acids 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssisted Feeding 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Nutrients for Cats and Dogs with Cancer 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOmega-3 (n-3) Fatty Acids 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamin d 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntioxidants 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Fads 502\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupplements and Nutraceuticals 502\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeeding Raw Foods to Cats and Dogs with Cancer 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Enteral Nutrition and Tube Feeding 515\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJennifer A. Larsen\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Case for Enteral Feeding 515\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutritional Support of Veterinary Patients 515\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen to Intervene 516\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Contraindications 518\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnteral Feeding Devices 519\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNasoenteral Feeding Tubes 519\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePharyngostomy Feeding Tubes 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEsophagostomy Feeding Tubes 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGastrostomy Feeding Tubes 522\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJejunal Feeding Tubes 523\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeginning Enteral Feeding 525\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiet Choices 526\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImmunomodulating Nutrients 527\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlutamine 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArginine 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Nutrients 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculation of Energy Requirements 531\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComplications 531\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanical Complications 532\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMetabolic Complications 534\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGastrointestinal Complications 535\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransitioning Patients to Voluntary Intake 537\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 537\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 537\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Parenteral Nutrition 546\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSally C. Perea\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory 546\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssessment of Nutritional Status and Patient Selection 547\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetermination of Administration Route 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCatheter Selection and Placement 552\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParenteral Nutrition Components 553\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein 553\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFat 555\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCarbohydrate 556\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectrolytes and Trace Minerals 557\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamins 558\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Requirements 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFormulation Calculations 560\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompounding 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInitiating Parenteral Nutrition 562\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMonitoring Guidelines 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComplications 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMetabolic Complications 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanical Complications 566\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeptic Complications 567\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscontinuing ParenteralNutrition 568\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 568\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 569\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Abridged Clinical Nutrition Topics for Companion Avian Species 574\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eElizabeth Koutsos and Brian Speer\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical and Welfare Considerations Associated with Water 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSources of Energy 576\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Issues Associated with Energy Imbalance: Obesity 576\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFood-Based Enrichment 577\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmino Acids and Protein 578\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Issues with Protein\/Amino Acids 578\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEssential Fatty Acids and Lipids 579\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Issues Associated with Lipid Nutrition: Atherosclerosis 579\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamins 581\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Issues Associated with Vitamin Nutrition 581\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMinerals 582\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical Issues Associated with Mineral Nutrition 582\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Clinical Nutrition Issues 583\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutrition and Feather-Damaging Behaviors 583\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppropriate Diets for Birds and Their Role in Animal Well-Being 584\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 585\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 585\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 Nutrition for Small Mammalian Companion Herbivores and Carnivores 590\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJonathan Stockman and Olivia A. Petritz\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Nutrition for Small Mammalian Companion Herbivores 590\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLagomorphs (Rabbits) and Caviomorphs (Chinchillas and Guinea Pigs) 590\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGastrointestinal Physiology and Anatomic Features 591\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRabbit, Chinchilla, and Guinea Pig Normal Diet 592\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein 592\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCarbohydrate and Fiber 593\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHay and Other Plant Considerations 594\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFat 595\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVitamins and Minerals 595\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater 596\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Warning about Energy-Dense Foods and Treats 596\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutrition-Related Diseases of Small Mammalian Companion Herbivores 597\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLagomorphs (Rabbits) and Caviomorphs (Chinchillas and Guinea Pigs) 597\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDental Disease and Malocclusion 597\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObesity 598\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGastrointestinal Stasis or Ileus 599\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrolithiasis 599\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCritical Care Nutrition for Small Mammalian Companion Herbivores 600\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Calculations for Rabbits, Chinchillas, and Guinea Pigs 601\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Nutrition for Small Mammalian Carnivores 602\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFerrets 602\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDigestive Physiology 602\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutrition-Related Diseases of Small Mammalian Companion Carnivores 602\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFerrets and Considerations for Mink 602\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarine Food Sources: Hypovitaminosis E\/Nutritional Steatitis, Thiamine Deficiency, and Salt Toxicity 602\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsiderations for Mink 602\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNutrition-Related Diseases of Small Mammalian Carnivores 603\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFerrets 603\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObesity 603\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrolithiasis 603\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFerret Pancreatic Islet Beta-Cell Tumor (Insulinoma) 605\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInflammatory Bowel Disease 605\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCritical Care Nutrition for Small Mammalian Companion Carnivores 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFerrets 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 610\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Veterinary medicine [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Veterinary medicine\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Veterinary%20medicine%20%5BMZ%5D%22\"\u003eMZ\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52483191734552,"sku":"9781119375142","price":78.45,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781119375142.jpg?v=1786023665","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/applied-veterinary-clinical-nutrition-hardback-9781119375142","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}